Clinical Biochemistry

Bence-Jones protein (BJP)

Test Background
BJP is a paraprotein immunoglobulin free kappa or lambda light chain produced by neoplastic plasma cells. Light chains can be immunoglobulin fragments or single homogenous immunoglobulins. They are found in urine as they are small and hence easily cleared by the kidneys.

Clinical Indications

• A full myelomatosis screen must include a urine sample for BJP as it is the only detectable paraprotein in approximately 20 % of all such cases
• AL amyloidosis

Reference Range

Sample Required
Random urine or 24 hour urine collection

Sample Volume
Random urine: 5 mL
or 24 hour urine collection

Turnaround Time
1 week

Notes
BJP will not be observed in non-secretory forms of multiple myeloma.